To do this, law enforcement and intelligence agencies such as the FBI and CIA use a variety of surveillance and search techniques. Rather than trying to protect every possible target, one of America's primary strategies in preventing terrorism is to identify terrorists and learn of their plans before they are carried out. targets against terrorist attacks is, therefore, very difficult. Terrorists have the element of surprise: It is likely that there will be little or no prior warning of when, where, or how the next attack will occur. | 68.3 KB | PDF).The law enforcement officials charged with preventing another terrorist attack on America face a daunting challenge.
The Federalist Society for Law and Public Policy Studies’ publication: Reauthorization of the USA PATRIOT Act (8 pp.The Center for Democracy and Technology ( CDT).O American Civil Liberties Union ( ACLU) report, Reclaiming Patriotism: A Call to Reconsider the Patriot Act (39pp.
Electronic Privacy Information Center ( EPIC).Commentaries on the Act from various public interest advocacy groups:.Department of Justice summary of highlights. A summary of the 2006 Amendment (6 pp.An analysis of the 2005 Reauthorization Act (70 pp.| 31.4KB | PDF) provides an abbreviated summary of the longer CRS analysis above without citations and footnotes. A brief overview of the Act and changes to existing law (5 pp.| 612KB | PDF) and changes to existing law, with citations and footnotes. A detailed analysis of the Act (78 pp.Congressional Research Service (CRS) materials.person who engages in international terrorism or preparatory activities (the “lone wolf” provision).Īdditional Resources on the USA PATRIOT Act: 112-14 May 26, 2011) amends the USA PATRIOT Improvement and Reauthorization Act of 2005 to extend until June 1, 2015, provisions concerning roving electronic surveillance orders, requests for the production of business records and other tangible things and amends the Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004 to extend until June 1, 2015, a provision revising the definition of an “agent of a foreign power” to include any non-U.S.
The PATRIOT Sunsets Extension Act of 2011 (S.990 Pub.24, 2010) was the mechanism that amends the USA PATRIOT Improvement and Reauthorization Act of 2005 to extend through February 28, 2011. The Medicare Physician Payment Reform Act of 2009 (H.R.The FISA Sunsets Extension Act of 2011, Pub.The USA PATRIOT Act Additional Reauthorization Amendments Act of 2006, Pub.The USA PATRIOT Improvement and Reauthorization Act of 2005, Pub.The USA PATRIOT Act has been reauthorized and amended several times since its initial enactment. | 42.6 KB | PDF) implemented options to enhance protection of civil liberties and to permit challenges to the legality of a records production order issued by the F.B.I., including any accompanying nondisclosure order (an order prohibiting the person receiving the production order from disclosing that the FBI sought information).Īmendments. The USA PATRIOT Act Additional Reauthorizing Amendments Act of 2006 (8pp.Title X of the Act directs the Inspector General of the Department of Justice to designate an official to review allegations of civil rights or civil liberties violations, including ethnic and racial profiling.Section 214 of Title II of the Act prohibits the use of pen registers and trap and trace equipment in investigations that are based solely on activities protected by the First Amendment.Several sections of the Act emphasize the need to protect the civil rights and civil liberties of all Americans and to condemn any acts of violence or discrimination. the 2011 four-year extension of the "lone wolf" definition, authorization of "roving wiretaps" and "request for production business records" search authority.the 2006 amending and reauthorizing act, and.Legislative summaries provide section-by-section descriptions of the Act’s provisions: intelligence, communications, and privacy laws, including: The Electronic Communications Privacy Act ( EPCA ), which modifies Title III of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act (the Wiretap Act ) the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act of 1978 ( FISA) and the Communications Act of 1934. The USA PATRIOT Act modified many major U.S. The USA PATRIOT Act was enacted in response to the attacks of September 11, 2001, and became law less than two months after those attacks.
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